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Submitted by c-admin on Tue, 05/28/2019 - 21:43

QID:

158

Type:

Multiple Choice Question

Category:

Java Programmer I

Tags:

Looping Constructs

Question:

What will the following program print?

class LoopTest{
      public static void main(String args[]) {
             int counter = 0;
             outer:
                   for (int i = 0; i &lt; 3; i++) {
             middle:
                  for (int j = 0; j &lt; 3; j++) {
             inner:
                  for (int k = 0; k &lt; 3; k++) {
                         if (k - j &gt; 0) {
             break middle;
                        }
                    counter++;
            }
     }
}
          System.out.println(counter);
    }
}

Select 1 option

A. 2
B. 3
C. 6
D. 7
E. 9

Answer and Explanation (Click to expand)

Answer:

Explanation:

To understand how this loop works let us put some extra print statements in the innermost loop:

System.out.println("i="+i+" j="+j+" k="+k);
if(k-j>0){
System.out.println("breaking middle "+j);
break middle;
}counter++;

This is what it prints:

i=0 j=0 k=0
i=0 j=0 k=1
breaking middle 0
i=1 j=0 k=0
i=1 j=0 k=1
breaking middle 0
i=2 j=0 k=0
i=2 j=0 k=1
breaking middle 0
3

The key is that the middle loop is broken as soon as k-j becomes > 0. This happens on every second iteration of inner loop when k is 1 and j is 0. Now, when middle is broken inner cannot continue. So the next iteration of outer starts.

Q&A Set:

Set 17

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